Mahsa Rafiee Alhossaini; Anoshirvan Kazemnejad; Farid Zayeri; Masoumeh Sadeghi
Volume 23, Issue 6 , 2021
Abstract
Background: The risk of obesity commonly changes with age, which is a longitudinal (aging) effect. Moreover, the individuals who enter the study at the same age have similar living conditions that may influence their obesity risk in a particular way; this is a cross-sectional effect. Both cross-sectional ...
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Background: The risk of obesity commonly changes with age, which is a longitudinal (aging) effect. Moreover, the individuals who enter the study at the same age have similar living conditions that may influence their obesity risk in a particular way; this is a cross-sectional effect. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age should be considered for a better understanding of the effect of age on obesity and the related factors.
Objectives: The present study aimed to (i) assess both the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age on obesity and (ii) determine how obesity changes with age in the target population using a Marginal Logistic Regression (MLR) model.
Methods: The current study made use of the information of individuals who had participated in the Isfahan Cohort Study. Participants were a large group of Iranian adults over 35 years of age who lived in the central region of Iran in 2001. Repeated measurements were obtained in 2001, 2007, and 2013.
Results: From 2001 to 2013, the percentage of obesity in men and women raised from 13% and 31% to 18% and 44%, respectively. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age were significantly associated with the odds ratio of obesity. There was a rise in the probability of obesity for individuals aged 35-60 years at baseline and a decline for the older ones. The odds of obesity had about a 2% increase (on average) per year, regardless of the baseline age.
Conclusion: The obtained results pointed to a difference between the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age on the probability of obesity in the target population. The high and rising prevalence of obesity was a serious public health issue among participants, especially women, aged 35-60 years. The assessment of changes in obesity in a population-based study provides opportunities to target subpopulations that need more care and attention in public health interventions.
Azita Kiani Asiabar; Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi; Majid Hajifaraji; Farid Zayeri
Volume 20, s1 , December 2018, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Background: Spouses can influence their wife’s health during pregnancy. However, dietary intake comprised of high value nu- trition in addition to spouses’ participation during pregnancy is an important aspect of female’s health, which has been widely neglected. Objectives: This study ...
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Background: Spouses can influence their wife’s health during pregnancy. However, dietary intake comprised of high value nu- trition in addition to spouses’ participation during pregnancy is an important aspect of female’s health, which has been widely neglected. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of educational programs with spouse’s participation on dietary during pregnancy. Methods: In the randomized controlled trial study, 128 nulliparous females attending Najmieh hospital based in Tehran, Iran, were randomly allocated to 2 intervention and 1 control group. In Group A, females received nutritional education with their spouses’ participation, in Group B, females received nutritional education alone, and in Group C, females received routine prenatal care, yet no guidance on dietary intake. Data was collected by completing 2 questionnaires, including demographic characteristics and the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQs). Results: In this trial study, the mean differences of serving/day of vegetables and yogurt from the dairy range was significantly higher in group A compared to B and the control group (1.27 serving/day vegetables - group A compared to 0.81 and 0.41 serving/day vegetables in groups B and C, respectively; P < 0.001, and 0.56 serving/day of yogurt in group A versus 0.33 and 0.32 serving/day of yogurt in groups B and C, respectively, P < 0.024). The mean differences of serving/day of dairy in groups A and B were significantly higher than the control group (1.97 and 1.66 serving/day in groups A and B, respectively versus 0.81 serving/day in the group C, P = 0.003). In addition, the mean differences of serving/day for fat sources in the intervention groups were significantly lower than thecontrol group (2.58 and 1.18 serving/day in groups A and B, respectively versus 0.38 serving/day in the group C, P = 0.035). Conclusions: The findings found improvement in intervention group A with intake of vegetables and yoghurt as dairy sources compared to Group B. In addition, their mean differences of dairy source was higher than Group C, while serving of fat sources was lower in both groups compared to the control group.
Maryam Salari; Anoshirvan Kazemnejad; Farid Zayeri
Volume 19, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Liver cancer is considered as the 6th common cancer from which people are suffering all around the world. Poor prognosis is the main challenge regarding this disease.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the changing trends in the liver cancer death rate in Asian countries from ...
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Background: Liver cancer is considered as the 6th common cancer from which people are suffering all around the world. Poor prognosis is the main challenge regarding this disease.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the changing trends in the liver cancer death rate in Asian countries from 1990 to 2015.Methods: This ecological longitudinal study was performed to compare the death rate resulting from liver cancer. The data were gathered from all Asian countries provided by the global burden of disease’s (GBD) online database in the global health research center at the University of Washington published in October 2016. The classification was done based on the death rate using the growth mixed model (GMM).Results: The rate of liver cancer death in men was higher than women, there were 2 optimal classes. Both classes had an increasing trend. The first class had a steeper slope by a higher intercept. Taiwan, Thailand, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, China, and Japan were countries classified in this class. The mean of the intercept was estimated as 21.1 deaths per 100,000 people and the mean of the slope was 2.4. The other class had an increasing rate with a lower slope.Conclusions: In general, our statistical analyses showed that most Asian countries had an increasing trend in the rate of their liver cancer mortality. Therefore, it is highly recommended that officials in the health policy-making identify the reasons for the increase in the mortality rate and take due actions such as interventional programs of countries which have succeeded in taking under control the ramifications of liver cancer
Hojjat Sayyadi; Farid Zayeri; Ahmad Reza Baghestani; Taban Baghfalaki; Ali Taghizadeh Afshari; Mohsen Mohammadrahimi; Javid Fereidoni; Khadijeh Makhdoomi
Volume 19, Issue 3 , March 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Background: After kidney transplantation, many risk factors can lead to graft rejection and force the patient to return to dialysis treatment.Objectives: This study aims to identify risk indicators of renal graft failure, such as serum creatinine, on long-term graft survival, using a novel statistical ...
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Background: After kidney transplantation, many risk factors can lead to graft rejection and force the patient to return to dialysis treatment.Objectives: This study aims to identify risk indicators of renal graft failure, such as serum creatinine, on long-term graft survival, using a novel statistical technique.Methods: In this historical cohort study, 129 patients who underwent kidney transplants were assessed and followed up from September 2003 to December 2014 in Urmia, Iran. The main outcome of the study was assessing the survival rate of kidney transplant in these subjects. In addition, the serum creatinine levels were measured repeatedly for one year after the operation, as the most important risk indicator of graft failure. In addition, the effect of other indicators on graft survival were assessed using a joint modeling of longitudinal and survival technique, using the R software, version 3.0.2.Results: One-, three-, five-, and ten-year graft survival was 93.8%, 86.8%, 76.6%, and 37.4%, respectively. The results of the joint model showed that risk indicators, such as serum creatinine level (P < 0.0001, HR = 1.82), patient’s age (P = 0.006, HR = 1.03), and antithymocytes globulin (P = 0.019, HR = 2.57) had a significant relationship to graft survival.Conclusions: In general, our study showed that short-term graft failure in Iran is almost equal to the reported rates in some developed countries, but its long-term failure is rather high compared to these same countries. In this context, monitoring the postoperative risk indicators of graft rejection, such as the serum creatinine level, plays an important role in increasing the survival rate of kidney transplantation. The present model can be used to design similarly structured datasets.
Neda Gilani; Anoshirvan Kazemnejad; Farid Zayeri; Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi; Fatemeh Sadat Izadi Avanji
Volume 19, Issue 2 , February 2017, , Pages 1-7
Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem throughout the world.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess repeated glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores in predicting the severity of TBI and patients’ survival.Patients and Methods: In this longitudinal study ...
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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem throughout the world.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess repeated glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores in predicting the severity of TBI and patients’ survival.Patients and Methods: In this longitudinal study used a total sample of 239 patients, all of whom were hospitalized with traumatic brain injuries. Subjects were selected by simple random sampling in intensive care unit (ICU) wards of the Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan, Iran between September 2008 and September 2010. The patients’ level of consciousness was evaluated using GCS at admission, six hours after admission to the ICU, and at the time of discharge from the hospital. A Glasgow outcome score (GOS) is used to classify the global outcomes in TBI survivors. A joint modeling approach was utilized for data analysis using R software.Results: The results showed that female patients had the risk of occurrence, slightly more than men, but this was not significant(HR =1.095 P = 0.757). The mortality risk was significantly higher in older patients (HR = 1.010, P = 0.010). In addition, the resultsindicated a significant increasing linear trend in GCS values over time (HR=1.78, P=0.003). Higher age was also associated with lowerGCS values over time (P < 0.001). The severity of TBI decreases with increasing GCS values (P < 0.001).Conclusions: By jointly modeling longitudinal data with time-to-event outcomes, our findings supported the use of the GCS scoresin predicting the severity of TBI.
